Running “dpkg --configure zammad” again I found “ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: Validation failed: AI provider is missing”.
The setting ai_provider was configured as true. But there was no specific AI Provider selected. Zammad 7.1 seems to be more rigid there checking the configuration than Zammad 7.0.
We are not using Zammad AI. So I just deactivated it (zammad run rails r “Setting.set(‘ai_provider’, false)”) and everything is fine now.